• C:\Users\<user>\Documents\CAS BACnet Explorer\Debuglog.txt
• C:\Users\<user>\Documents\CAS BACnet Explorer\mstp_log.txt (If BACnet MSTP)
• C:\Users\<user>\Documents\CAS BACnet Explorer\packets.pkt (If BACnet IP or BACnet Eth)

These files will help us tremendousness to find a solution to your problem. These files are plain text and they should compress down to 3-4mb with 7-Zip (free and opensource), or WinRar (free unlimited demo)

Packets.pkt can be opened with Wireshark.

Directions:

1. Extract the three files included in the Zip archive to a temporary directory (C:\temp\)
2. Run the ‘KeyUpdater.exe‘ application
3. Insert the USB product key, It should look similar to this. A green LED should illuminate if property connected.
4. Click the “Update Key” button

If the key was updated correctly you should get a dialog that says “Done”

This error message can happen for the following reasons.

• The USB key is not plugged in. Please ensure that the USB key is plugged in and the internal LED is illuminated.
• The wrong USB key is used. The USB product key looks like this. Ensure that you are using the correct USB key.
• The USB key is plugged in to a USB hub that does not have enough power to program the USB key. Plug the USB key directly in to the PC.
• The applcation is missing the two included DLLs. This application requires two DLLs included with the application to run property.
• The application is run from with in an Zip file instead of a temporary directly. Some Zip application do not extract all the files from a archive before running the EXE. extract the files to a temp directory before attempting to run this applications.

Answer: You can change the default BACnet port for CAS BACnet Explorer in the settings dialog. The default BACnet port is  47808 or 0xBAC0 (HEX)

Note: You can change the default port that wireshark uses to detect and decode BACnet messages. See this artile for more information Monitor any port using any protocol with Wireshark

1. It provides security.

In larger companies, employees must be able to communicate with other employees from that department. Subnetting allows for the department to have its own subnetwork. Depending on how many departments the company has, each one can have its own private and secure subnetwork, independent from the other networks.

2. It allows organization of resources.

A company has several departments or types of resources: sales, customer care, IT, executive, research. With subnetting, these resources can be organized within the larger network. For example:

192.168.130.x - Executive
192.168.131.x - Research
192.168.132.x - IT
192.168.133.x - Sales
192.168.134.x - Customer Care


3. It speeds up the network.

Using subnets will decrease the size of the broadcast domain, allowing data to reach its destination much faster. For example, a network without subnetting:

192.168.x.y -
There are 255 possible values for x, and for each x there are 255 possible values for y.
This means that there are 255*255 possible recipients in the network broadcast domain.

Having such a large network broadcast domain means the signal must go through each possible recipient until it finds the correct one. To decrease the number of possible recipients, we use subnets. For example:


192.168.132.y -
Here, there are 255 possible values for y within the 132 subnet. The network broadcast domain only contains 255 possible recipients, thus making the network much faster.


In this tutorial we will be showing you how to set up the eclipse environment, Build the Arduino library, Create a Arduino project, Compiling C/C++ code, Uploading code to the Arduino, FAQ. This Tutorial was created in response to VHS Hack Challenge.

Setting up the Eclipse environment

Download
You may not be able to find the exact versions that are used in this tutorial, just you the most updated versions.

Build the Arduino library

Before we can create our first Arduino project we have to link in the Arduino library for Eclipse. There are several different ways of doing this described on Eclipse for Arduino tutorial but for this tutorial we will be creating a static library.

You can download the project and the library directly and skip this step.

1. Open Eclipse and start a new C++ project.
2. C++ Project
   • Project Name: ArduinoCore
   • Project Type: AVR Cross Target Static Libary
   • Toolchains: AVR-GCC Toolchain
     
3. Select Configurations, Uncheck debug we will not be using the debug version of this library in this tutorial.
4. Set the MCU type and frequency for your Arduino board. For example, for the Diecimila, use ATmega168 running at 16000000 Hz. For new versions of the Duemilanove, use ATmega328P running at 16000000 Hz. If you look closely at the Arduino board, you can see the target platform written on the main processor. Click Finish.
5. In Eclipse, click Project->Properties.
6. Select C/C++ Build and expand the category (e.g., click the diamond to the left of “C/C++ Build”).
7. Select Settings under C/C++ Build.
8. In the right pane, Click AVR Compiler
   • Debugging. Set “Generate Debugging Info” to No debugging info.
   • Optimization. Set the Optimization Level to “Size Optimizations”.
   • Directories, Add the path to the Arduino IDE’s Hardware folder “Arduino-0018\hardware\arduino\cores\arduino”
9. In the right pane, Click AVR C++ Compiler
   • Debugging. Set “Generate Debugging Info” to No debugging info.
   • Optimization. Set the Optimization Level to “Size Optimizations”.
   • Directories, Add the path to the Arduino IDE’s Hardware folder “Arduino-0018\hardware\arduino\cores\arduino”
10. Right click on the ArduinoCore project in the project explorer on the right and select Import.
11. On the Import dialog, select General => File System and click next.
12. On the File system dialog click browse and select the Arduino IDE’s hardware folder  “Arduino-0018\hardware\arduino\cores\arduino”
13. Select all the files except main.cpp. Click finish
14. Build the project, On the mail dialog click the hammer in the too bar or by selecting Project =>Build All.

Congratulations you have created the Arduino C/C++ library for Eclipse.  The library ( libArduinoCore.a ) can be found in the projects release folder. It should be around 26k

Path: \workspace\ArduinoCore\Release\libArduinoCore.a

Creating a Arduino project

Now that we have the Arduino library we can build our first Arduino project. We are going to start with the Blink tutorial from Arduino.cc its one of the simplest tutorials and should be a good building block for future projects.

You can download the project for this tutorial from our website.

1. Create a new Eclipse C++ project, File => New => C++ project
2. C++ Project
   • Project Name: Blinky
   • Project Type: AVR Cross Target Application => Empty project
   • Toolchains: AVR-GCC Toolchain
3. Select Configurations, Uncheck debug we will not be using the debug version in this tutorial.
4. Set the MCU type and frequency for your Arduino board. For example, for the Diecimila, use ATmega168 running at 16000000 Hz. For new versions of the Duemilanove, use ATmega328P running at 16000000 Hz. If you look closely at the Arduino board, you can see the target platform written on the main processor. Click Finish.
5. In Eclipse, click Project => Properties.
6. Select C/C++ Build and expand the category (e.g., click the diamond to the left of “C/C++ Build”).
7. Select Settings under C/C++ Build.
8. In the right pane, Click Additional Tools in Toolchain
   • Check Generate HEX file for flash memory
   • Check Print size
9. In the right pane, Click AVR Compiler
   • Debugging. Set Generate Debugging Info to “No debugging info”.
   • Optimization. Set the Optimization Level to “Size Optimizations”.
   • Directories, Add the path to the Arduino IDE’s Hardware folder “Arduino-0018\hardware\arduino\cores\arduino”
10. In the right pane, Click AVR C++ Compiler
    • Debugging. Set Generate Debugging Info to “No debugging info”.
    • Optimization. Set the Optimization Level to “Size Optimizations”.
    • Directories, Add the path to the Arduino IDE’s Hardware folder “Arduino-0018\hardware\arduino\cores\arduino”
11. In the right pane, Click AVR C++ Linker
    • Command: avr-gcc
    • Command line pattern: ${COMMAND} –cref -s -Os ${OUTPUT_FLAG}${OUTPUT_PREFIX}${OUTPUT} ${INPUTS} -lm ${FLAGS}
12. In the right pane, Click AVR C++ Linker => Libraries
    • Add your Arduino library created above “ArduinoCore“, The name of the library does not include the extension or the pretext of ‘lib’.  Note: In this project I copied the library in to the base folder of the Blinky project for simplicity.
13. Create a new source file,  File => New => Source file, Call it main.cpp
14. Copy the contents of this file main.cpp in to main.cpp
15. Build the project, On the mail dialog click the hammer in the too bar or by selecting Project =>Build All.

Uploading code to the Arduino

Lucky there is already a tool for this built in to AVR plugin for Eclipse called AVRDude. It should already be included with the AVR plugin for Eclipse so you shouldn’t have to download or install anything else.

1. In Eclipse, click Project =>Properties.
2. On the left hand side AVR => AVRDude
3. You will need to create a new programmer configuration for your board but you only have to do this once.  Click New
4. New programmer configuration
   • Configuration Name: Arduino Duemilanove
   • Programmer Hardware: Atmel STK500 Version 1.x Firmware
   • Override default port: //./COM14
     Note:  you will have to change this to your comport.)
   • Override default baudrate: 57600
5. Click OK,
6. On the AVRDude dialog select Advanced
7. Check “Disable Device signature check” and click OK
8. Highlight Blinky in the project explorer and click AVR => Upload to target device or the AVR icon with the green downward arrow.
   
9. The results will be printed in the console.

Launching C:\Dev\WinAVR-20100110\bin\avrdude -pm16 -cstk500v1 -P//./COM14 -b57600 -F -Uflash:w:Blinky.hex:a
Output:

avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.05s

avrdude: Device signature = 0×1e950f
avrdude: Expected signature for ATMEGA16 is 1E 94 03
avrdude: NOTE: FLASH memory has been specified, an erase cycle will be performed
To disable this feature, specify the -D option.
avrdude: erasing chip
avrdude: reading input file “Blinky.hex”
avrdude: input file Blinky.hex auto detected as Intel Hex
avrdude: writing flash (1158 bytes):

Writing | ################################################## | 100% 0.61s

avrdude: 1158 bytes of flash written
avrdude: verifying flash memory against Blinky.hex:
avrdude: load data flash data from input file Blinky.hex:
avrdude: input file Blinky.hex auto detected as Intel Hex
avrdude: input file Blinky.hex contains 1158 bytes
avrdude: reading on-chip flash data:

Reading | ################################################## | 100% 0.52s

avrdude: verifying …
avrdude: 1158 bytes of flash verified

avrdude done. Thank you.

Congratulation you have uploaded your source code to the Arduino.

FAQ

Q: I keep getting this error message when I upload code with AVRDude to the Arduino.

avrdude: stk500_getsync(): not in sync: resp=0×00
avrdude done.  Thank you.

A: Disconnect and reconnect your Arduino and try again

More help

For more help with setting up Eclipse to work with Arduino see these two posts on the subject

• Arduino in Eclipse
• Arduino playground: Eclipse

If you have any other questions or suggestion on how to improve this article, please leave a comment.

Software product key

Err #3: invalid product key. Please request a new product key

The software key is long and complicated, do not try and type it in manually. Instead you should copy and past it in to the licence dialog from your email. It should be all capital letters and numbers. no spaces, no special characters, or line brakes. If you copied the product key incorrectly you will get an error message dialog like this.

Try again to copy the product key from your email, ensure that you copy it exactly with no spaces or line feeds.  If this error message continues then contact support.

Err #5: this Key is not for this user. check the email address and try again.

The software product key is tied to your email address. You must use the same email address that you use to request the product key from to activate the product key.

Err #9: Invalid product key. Please request a new product key

This error message could be caused by a few different scenario.

• If you are try to activate an old product key that you have already used.
• If  you are try to activate an product key that has expired

Request a new product key from within CAS BACnet Explorer and attempt to activate CAS BACnet Explorer again.

Err #11: This key is not for this computer

The Software key is tied to the computers MAC address it was requested from. If you request a key from one computer and try to activate it on anther computer it will give you this error message.

You must request the key from within CAS BACnet explorer on the computer that you intended to use it on.

Hardware USB product key

The hardware USB product key resolves a lot of the problems and frustrations that are caused by the software product key.

Do you have the correct activation key for CAS BACnet explorer?

The product key should be semi transparent green with the words “ROCKEY4ND” written on the side of it. If your product key looks like something else it probably for a different product.

When the USB key is plugged in correctly,  a green LED should illuminate in the end of the USB key.

Answer:

Delete the settings.xml file found in your computers documents folder.

C:\Users\<user>\Documents\CAS BACnet Explorer\Settings.xml

The settings and debug files for CAS BACnet Explorer are saved in to your computers documents folder.

• Settings.xml – This is the main settings file, Delete this file to reset CAS BACnet Explorer back to defaults.
• Debuglog.txt - This files contains debug and running information that is useful when tracking down bugs in CAS BACnet Explorer. This file is cleared every time the CAS BACnet Explorer is launched.
• mstp_log.txt – This file contains the most recent session of MSTP traffic. This file will only be available if the last session had BACnet MSTP enabled. This file is cleared every time the CAS BACnet Explorer is launched.
• packets.pkt - This file contains the most recent session of Ethernet/IP traffic. This file will only be available if the last session had BACnet IP or BACnet MSTP enabled. This file is cleared every time the CAS BACnet Explorer is launched.
• dump.txt – This file contains a TEXT version of the BACnet tree from your last session. This file is overwritten at the end of every session.

• CAS Modbus Scanner (download)
  • Allows us to retrieve coils, inputs, holding registers, and input registers from a Modbus enabled device.
• Modbus RTU Parser (download)
  • Allows us to analyze an RTU message and see what type of message it is, if there are any errors, what device the message came from, etc…
• Modbus TCP Parser (download)
  • Allows us to analyze an TCP message and see what type of message it is, if there are any errors, what device the message came from, etc…
• Wireshark (homepage)
  • Used for capturing Modbus TCP messages coming through the ethernet port.
  • A full list of the captured data can be found here.
• Modbus Specification (pdf)
  • Official specification of the Modbus Application Protocol
• Nerds In Control (homepage)
  • Very useful community website for automation professionals.
  • An excellent place to ask for Modbus help or help others with their Modbus problems.
• Modbus Simulator (download)
  • Used for simulating a Modbus server for testing and learning purposes.
• Simply Modbus (download)
  • Good Modbus TCP and RTU software, an alternative to our CAS Modbus Explorer and Scanner.
  • Website provides good tutorials on Modbus.
• Capturing with serial connections (tutorial)
  • How to capture Modbus messages with a serial connection using free tools like PuTTY.
• Modhopper (info)
  • Allows connecting up to 128 Modbus devices through wifi to any Modbus network.

Feel free to suggest other tools that you find useful and I will add them to the list.

]]> http://www.chipkin.com/articles/useful-tools-and-applications-for-modbus/feed 0 http://www.chipkin.com/articles/broadcast-traffic-is-being-blocked-on-my-network-can-i-still-use-cas-bacnet-explorer http://www.chipkin.com/articles/broadcast-traffic-is-being-blocked-on-my-network-can-i-still-use-cas-bacnet-explorer#comments Tue, 23 Feb 2010 23:34:53 +0000 cpascu http://www.chipkin.com/articles/?p=542 Question: Broadcast traffic is being blocked on my network, Can I still use CAS BACnet Explorer?

Answer:

Yes, but with some restrictions.

The BACnet discovery uses two services – called ‘Who-Is’ and ‘I-Am’ these messages rely on the use of broadcasts. Without the ability to send broadcast messages on a network, CAS BACnet Explorer will not be able to do the initial discovery of objects.

Once a device or objects has been added to CAS BACnet Explorer it no longer uses broadcasts messages to communicate with it. You should be able to poll a device for its object list and read/write its objects properties.

You can add BACnet objects and devices to CAS BACnet Explorer manually from the discover dialog.  You will need to know some of the devices settings. Network type, IP/MAC address, network, Device instance, Object type, Object identifier.



]]> http://www.chipkin.com/articles/broadcast-traffic-is-being-blocked-on-my-network-can-i-still-use-cas-bacnet-explorer/feed 0 http://www.chipkin.com/articles/sqlite-vs-mysql-short-summary http://www.chipkin.com/articles/sqlite-vs-mysql-short-summary#comments Mon, 22 Feb 2010 08:00:07 +0000 cpascu http://www.chipkin.com/articles/?p=513 If you’re trying to decide between SQLite and mySQL (which one to use as your DBMS), you must first figure out what you need. These few simple questions should point you in the right direction:
• Do you have a storage space limit?
  • The SQLite library is a mere 250kb, which is perfect for most embeded devices that don’t come with very much storage space.
• Do you need the database to be portable?
  • SQLite stores the database directly into a single file, which can be simply copied or moved.
  • mySQL has an export feature which lets you back the database into a single file. mySQL uses its own format for storing data so the content can’t be moved or viewed by other DMBSs. Only after the database is exported will it be portable. Depending on how large the database is, this could be time consuming.
• Do you need security or authentication for your database?
  • SQLite does not provide an authentication system. You can add one within your application, however the database file itself can be updated/read by anyone.
  • mySQL requires a username and password to make any kind of changes to the database.
• How large will your database get in the future?
  • SQLite requires too much memory to run if the database is over 1GB in size (256 bytes of RAM for each MB of database space).
  • mySQL can have a maximum database size of 4GB.
• Will the database be accessed multiple times simultaneously?
  • SQLite does not handle multiple simultaneous queries well. All read operations have priority over the write operations. There is a small delay caused by this since the operations must wait their turn, which could become a problem if there are large numbers of simultaneous queries.
  • mySQL has a query mechanism which handles mutiple query operations very well.

Hopefully your basic doubts about SQLite and mySQL have now been answered.

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